unosoke, does the following have any implications for a student of volume:
Basis closing, we yesterday tested (exceeded slightly) the Novembetr low, but on lower volumne than November.
Today we "bounced" off that test on higher volume than yesterday.
That's an excellent question, selecto. As I learned volume analysis primarily from Tom O'Brien, he's stated unequivocally that benchmarking volume is based on the high and low of a bar - in other words, it's all based on swing points. So closing prices don't matter. By looking at the volume characteristics of how a bar comes into a swing point, one can make judgments about "supply and demand" at that price point based on the relatively higher (Quality) or lower (lack of Quality) volume.
Now, it also matters whether price closes over (if going topside) or under (if going downtown) a swing point. If it closes over (or under...) a swing, price can continue in that direction. So say SPX breaks 741.02 and closes underneath it, but on lighter volume. It can nevertheless continue going lower - but it will need to generate volume while under the swing sufficient to hold price.
Look at how the DOW broke the Nov. swing (I believe) last Thursday, closed underneath it, then volume came out Friday sufficient to hold price. Today it still closed under that Nov. swing low - and it needs to close above that Nov. low to prove it can go higher. Then the DOW needs a "sign of strength" (wide price spread with Quality of Volume) to show it has buyers, and then it may start going topside.
In other words, should SPX break the 741.02 without Quality of Volume but still close underneath 741.02 - in my work, it can still hold price if it comes up with Quality of Volume at some point while under the swing - or esle price will spring.